The 5th and 6th Amendments

The 5^th Amendments

The 5^th amendment states that no person shall be held to answer for an infamous crime unless they are accused by a Grand Jury, except in cases arising in time of War. Also, no one has to be witness against themselves or be charged for the same crime twice.

A person can be tried for a serious federal crime only if he or she has been indicted (charged, accused of a crime) by a grand jury. No one may be subjected to double jeopardy – that is, tried twice for the same crime. All persons are protected against self-incrimination; no person can be legally compelled to answer any question in any governmental proceeding if that answer could lead to that person’s prosecution. The 5^th amendment’s Due Process Clause prohibits unfair, arbitrary actions by the Federal Government. Government may take private property for a legitimate public purpose; but when it exercises that power of eminent domain, it must pay a fair price for the property seized.

The 5^th amendment was created as procedural safeguards designed to protect the rights of the criminally accused and to secure life, liberty, and property. Another fact about the amendment is a saying. The saying is very common and it is, “I plead the 5^th”. People mostly say this when they don’t want to say anything at all. There are probably thousands upon thousands of examples I could use but the most recent and most interesting one was The Fast and Furious case. Not the movie. It dealt with an operation that had gone wrong. The US had sent more than 2000 guns to a Mexican drug cartel and later these weapons were found at the scene of a murdered border agent. The 5^th was pleaded by Patrick Cunningham, the chief of the Criminal Division of the US Attorney’s Office in Arizona.

The 6^th Amendment

The 6^th amendment guarantees the rights of criminal defendants, including the right to a public trial without unnecessary delay, the right to a lawyer, the right to an impartial jury, and the right to know who your accusers are and the nature of the charges and evidence against you.

A person accused of crime has the right to be tried in court without undue delay and by an impartial jury. The defendant must be informed of the charge upon which he or she is to be tried, has the right to cross-examine hostile witnesses, and has the right to require the testimony of favorable witnesses. The defendant also has the right to be represented by an attorney at every stage in the criminal process.

When the sixth amendment was being created there were localized sheriffs of sorts, there was no such thing as a police force yet. These sheriffs of sorts were normal people volunteering to be constables or night watchmen. Criminal cases were also brought by victims, not public prosecutors. Both defendants had to represent themselves. Trials were like shouting matches and each side brought in witnesses. These would last for minutes or hours, not days. The 6^th amendment would strengthen this to how it is now today.

Classical Conditioning

Unconditioned stimulus: Use the Skyy Vodka and you will have an attractive woman by your side.

Conditioned Stimulus: Skyy Vodka

Unconditioned Response: Happiness or excitement to the Skyy Vodka or to the attractive female.Conditioned response: Happiness or excitement to Skyy Vodka.

Skill Teaching

The only thing I can remember teaching is trying to teach my second cousin how to do a back flip. The way I taught him was pretty simple. He had a trampoline so we started on that. I told to jump, lean back, and tuck in his legs until he thought that it felt right to land. It took a while but he finally got it down except for the landing. He would just keep landing on his knees because he would stretch his legs back out to late. I solved this problem pretty easily. I told him to count from when he would jump to when he would stretch out is legs. He said it took 3 seconds. So I told him to stretch out when he got to 2. He landed it. Finally. Then it was time for the hard part. Trying on the solid ground. On solid ground you aren't going to jump as high so you have to be faster in your movements. It 3 tries for him to do it but again he was landing on his knees but I didn't have tell how to fix it. He got down on his fourth try. That is how I taught someone how to do a back flip.

Psychological Articles

https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2016/09/160914090317.htm

1.        This article was about the older you get your brain will strategically slow down aging.

2.       More than 1.

3.       Yes. They used younger people to compare.

4.       They were chosen at random.

5.       They observed the test subjects on how they observed things.

6.       They reacted normally.

7.       Yes.

https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2016/09/160913120618.htm

1.       This article was about using your perception of the environment to guide action that has a new understanding of the neural circuits.

2.       More than 1.

3.       There was no control group.

4.       The subjects were chosen randomly.

5.       They would observe how there brain reacted to the environment.

6.       The subjects didn’t react because it was their brain that was being observed.

7.       Yes and no. They expected brain activity but they found knew things in the neurons of the perspective area.

https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2016/09/160908130848.htm

1.       The article was about studying when we picture a place, we picture more than we are asked or have panoramic memories.

2.       More than 1.

3.       There was no control group.

4.       The subjects were random people.

5.       They put VR (Virtual Reality) headsets on them which showed them a 100 degree image but the brain saw two 360 degree images.

6.       No reaction was recorded.

7.       Yes.

https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2016/09/160912122608.htm

1.       The article was about trying to train the brain to treat itself with therapy when under traumatic stress.

2.       There were 42 participants, then 40 participants.

3.       Yes, there were two different experiments to compare.

4.       Randomly chosen.

5.       They downregulated the oxygen blood level in their brains and added a mental strategy which created an amygdala, or an indicator of regulation.

6.       They were pleased.

7.       Yes.